Anthony Pompliano
Bitcoin es el mejor fondo de cobertura que ha existido
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TL;DR
Resumen de investigación
▶ Liquidaciones, apalancamiento y el caso Leopold
El presentador introduce una conversación sobre la caída de acciones de IA, la liquidación atribuida a Leopold y Situational Awareness, los mercados asiáticos, la Fed y las criptomonedas. Visser recuerda haber vivido el unwind de LTCM, el de cuantitativos de 2007 y el de Archegos. Explica que, cuando las pérdidas obligan a buscar compradores o liquidar, los prime brokers y otros fondos conocen las posiciones, cubren su propia exposición y pueden amplificar la presión vendedora. A su juicio, el episodio fue una «limpieza» del mercado, aunque no descarta volatilidad adicional: atribuye las pérdidas a posiciones concurridas, una corrección y narrativas cambiantes sobre la IA, más que a una causa única. Dice que el movimiento de cuatro días también pudo incluir a fondos reduciendo riesgo al conocer la exposición; no afirma saber cuándo Citadel o Millennium se enteraron ni si alguien provocó deliberadamente la situación. Considera que Leopold probablemente necesitó salir para evitar consecuencias mayores, pero señala que aún tendría ganancias acumuladas en el año según los datos que vio. La conversación menciona como rumores que había subido 400% y tenía 25.000 millones de dólares hasta junio; Visser dice que se informó que unos 5.000 millones de los 10.000 millones restantes correspondían a una posición privada en Anthropic, y opina que recaudar capital grande podría ser difícil tras la pérdida. Sostiene que la demanda de cómputo superará la oferta durante mucho tiempo y que en ese trayecto habrá más episodios de burbuja, movimientos parabólicos y caídas rápidas.
▶ La estructura del mercado y el desapalancamiento
Visser recapitula que al inicio del año cayeron las acciones de software y el temor sobre cómo valorar empresas a tres años se extendió a otros sectores. Afirma que el apalancamiento de hedge funds estaba en máximos y cita datos publicados según los cuales Goldman Sachs registró el mayor aumento de exposición bruta en cualquier periodo de cinco meses. En su lectura, se juntaron más posiciones apalancadas con menos certeza sobre el valor futuro de las compañías. Cree que los agentes de IA y herramientas como una función de Robinhood están acelerando decisiones y optimización de carteras, mientras la innovación comprime en tres años cambios que antes podían tardar 30. Los fondos apalancados, con liquidez generalmente trimestral, pueden tener dificultades para salir de posiciones concurridas. Predice que el apalancamiento no volverá a los máximos, que habrá más «caídas rápidas» y casos como el de Leopold, y que los prime brokers serán menos propensos a extender crédito. Añade que, pese a un crecimiento de ganancias del S&P 500 superior al 20% según su exposición, el índice no avanzaba al mismo ritmo y ya había sufrido compresión de múltiplos; anticipa más compresión y casos extremos en hedge funds.
▶ Corea, Japón y los riesgos de las subidas apalancadas
El presentador cita una caída de 45% del mercado surcoreano en unos 40 días, una pérdida de 2 billones de dólares de capitalización, 1,2 millones de cuentas minoristas apalancadas afectadas por llamadas de margen a mediados de julio y unos 200.000 millones de dólares borrados en Japón en un día en que el mercado cayó casi 3%. Pregunta cuánto puede repercutir Asia en Estados Unidos. Visser contrapone que Corea seguía arriba 56% en el año, mientras el S&P 500 subía alrededor de 8%, y que Leopold, según los datos disponibles para él, seguía arriba cerca de 80% en el año pese al drawdown. Interpreta la subida coreana como una apuesta rápida relacionada con la IA y los semiconductores; dice que las valoraciones de Samsung, SK Hynix y Micron ya reflejaban el carácter cíclico del sector. Su tesis es que, durante los próximos cinco años, la IA puede reducir la certeza de crecimiento de las empresas públicas y hacer bajar sus múltiplos, porque nuevas empresas nativas de IA podrían competir con márgenes mayores; aclara que no necesariamente significa que las compañías existentes desaparezcan. Considera que las restricciones físicas de oferta sostienen temporalmente la escasez de memoria. También atribuye la diferencia con Estados Unidos a trayectorias bursátiles distintas: el S&P habría rendido más de 15% anual desde 2007, mientras que las acciones del resto del mundo en conjunto solo superaron sus niveles de 2007 en los últimos tres años. Dice que los inversores coreanos quizá estén experimentando un mercado alcista que los estadounidenses ya conocen y que los hogares estadounidenses cuentan con un patrimonio neto superior a 180 billones de dólares.
▶ Escasez de cómputo, ingresos y gasto de capital
Ante la pregunta sobre la inversión en capital de los hiperescaladores y un artículo de DoorDash, Visser expone una tesis contraria al temor de que no haya ingresos suficientes para justificar el gasto. Resume el argumento como una posible concentración de ganadores —Anthropic, OpenAI o los hiperescaladores— si la capacidad de cómputo sigue siendo escasa: serían valiosos los modelos que generen más tokens por vatio y quienes hayan asegurado capacidad. Usa una comparación hipotética: si Disney pudiera comprar una cantidad limitada de cómputo para crear películas a menor coste y monetizarlas mediante su distribución, quizá pudiera pagar más que otros. Añade que la escasez de cómputo, como la escasez de memoria, puede permitir cobrar precios altos; afirma que los pedidos contratados acumulados de Amazon, Microsoft y Google se acercaban a 2 billones de dólares y que, sumando Oracle, superaban esa cifra. Según él, las empresas dijeron que tenían pedidos correspondientes al CapEx y elevaron el gasto. Reconoce el argumento contrario: el mercado teme que no se materialicen los ingresos; además, admite que no sabe cuándo la oferta alcanzará la demanda y dice que la demanda sigue acelerándose. En respuesta a si los grandes proveedores tienen más cómputo que Anthropic u OpenAI, distingue a estos últimos como compradores de capacidad; dice que xAI/SpaceX ofrece capacidad que por ahora no necesita, aunque la requeriría para humanoides y conducción autónoma, y que Meta prioriza agentes personales. Sostiene que la inferencia para agentes personales apenas empieza: los agentes de programación ya existen, pero Siri, Alexa y los asistentes móviles aún no resuelven el uso cotidiano descrito, y una experiencia funcional también requiere memoria y hardware en el dispositivo. Señala que Sam Altman reconoció que OpenAI subestimó la oferta necesaria; infiere que Anthropic pudo subestimarla también y dice que Dario Amodei busca capacidad. Afirma que SpaceX vendió capacidad a Anthropic y Google, y que Google también afrontaba límites de capacidad. Contrasta esa presión de demanda con inversores que, según cuenta, le dicen que hubo exceso de construcción y faltan ingresos. Entre 1445 y 1539 se inserta un anuncio de Figure Markets: promociona préstamos respaldados por cripto con interés de 8,91% y 50% de LTV, custodia segregada y protección frente a liquidaciones, además de un producto que anuncia hasta 9% APY; son afirmaciones promocionales del anuncio, no conclusiones de Visser.
▶ Adopción empresarial, agentes y Bitcoin
El presentador comenta que Elon Musk habría construido más capacidad de cómputo y energía de la que necesitaba y que, en una comparación hipotética de construcción, sería rápido. Visser recomienda releer el ensayo de Leopold «Situational Awareness» de 2027; a su juicio, sus previsiones sobre AGI para 2027 y una mayor participación gubernamental se están cumpliendo, incluso algo antes. Interpreta que xAI y Meta tenían capacidad excedente, mientras Sam Altman reconocía haber subestimado la oferta y Dario Amodei buscaba cómputo, como evidencia de que los expertos subestimaron tanto la demanda como la velocidad de adopción empresarial. Predice que los agentes acercarán rápidamente a las personas a nuevos flujos de trabajo y transacciones. Compara el historial de retornos de Bitcoin con el de Leopold: ambos tuvieron retrocesos de 70–80% de ganancias, pero Bitcoin siguió capitalizándose. Atribuye la resistencia histórica de algunos inversores a asignarle fondos a su creencia de que esos retornos eran improbables. Opina que los agentes inversores podrían evaluar el historial con probabilidades y asignar, por ejemplo, 5%, 10%, 15% o 20%, en vez de descartar Bitcoin por completo; considera que la participación de agentes en transacciones e inversión podría acelerar la adopción cripto. Son proyecciones y opiniones de Visser.
▶ La Fed, la incertidumbre y menos apalancamiento
El presentador dice que Kevin Warsh llamó la atención al no cambiar las tasas pese a las especulaciones sobre un alza sorpresa. Visser aprueba la decisión y cuestiona el uso de modelos académicos antiguos en un entorno que, según él, cambia mucho más rápido por la IA. Dice que el endurecimiento de las condiciones financieras —con alzas en las tasas a 10 y 2 años— ya había hecho parte del trabajo de la Fed, mientras la inflación había bajado algo, por lo que veía margen para esperar. Cree que la ausencia de orientación previa y una probabilidad de endurecimiento que cifra cerca de 40% aumentan la incertidumbre y la volatilidad. Relaciona su tesis de menor apalancamiento con el deseo de Warsh de reducir el balance de la Fed, aunque no dice que vaya a hacerlo en el próximo año: habla de una reducción oportunista. Plantea que la tokenización podría movilizar activos inactivos mediante liquidez diaria y fraccionamiento, reduciendo la necesidad del balance de la Fed; menciona que Warsh y Bessent han hablado de tokenización. A la pregunta sobre desigualdad, Visser atribuye la economía en forma de K al apalancamiento del balance público desde la crisis financiera y opina que la Fed ya no necesita usar las herramientas pasadas de la misma manera. Dice que la deuda creciente de los hiperescaladores corresponde a balances sólidos y que no le preocupa, aunque los mercados podrían estar teniendo dificultades para aportar capital a corto plazo. Cita necesidades de financiación de CapEx, futuras salidas de bloqueos de acciones y una emisión de Google de 80.000 millones de dólares como presión de oferta de capital que el mercado debe digerir. Espera que, cuando la inflación y el mercado laboral lo permitan, pueda haber recortes de tasas junto con una reducción gradual del balance.
▶ Redistribución de valor, cripto y tokenización
Visser propone un marco hipotético para los activos: parte de un patrimonio neto mundial de hogares de unos 700 billones de dólares y un valor cripto de unos 3 billones. Si el total combinado siguiera en 703 billones dentro de cinco años, cree que podría haber una redistribución hacia cripto y empresas privadas nativas de IA. Afirma que pequeñas empresas pueden ganar con IA y pone como ejemplos su propio negocio, Cursor, Anthropic y OpenAI; plantea que algunas compañías podrían alcanzar 100 millones de dólares sin necesitar llegar a 5.000 millones, con fundadores que conservarían una participación grande. En una proyección explícitamente hipotética, dice que cripto podría llegar a 100 billones en una década, mientras los demás activos sumarían 603 billones. Considera que los mercados públicos podrían quedar relativamente sin cambios mientras suben las valoraciones privadas, y prevé acceso a activos mediante ETF tokenizados. Compara la tokenización con la adopción de los ETF, que recuerda que en 2000 no eran ampliamente aceptados, y sostiene que agentes de IA y tokenización están llegando. Son previsiones de Visser, no resultados observados.
▶ Cómo posicionarse: escasez y valor defendible
Al preguntarle qué haría alguien de 25 años para beneficiarse de estos cambios, Visser responde que las innovaciones de producto como los ETF beneficiaron a algunos intermediarios —menciona a BlackRock—, pero que ganar dependió sobre todo de identificar empresas dominantes y sus ventajas competitivas. Dice que está tratando de invertir en escasez, en particular en los recursos físicos necesarios para convertir moléculas en bits porque, según él, no se puede producir suficiente energía. Menciona Bitcoin, Micron y GE Vernova como ejemplos de activos o empresas vinculados a escasez; advierte que sus múltiplos pueden comprimirse incluso si sus ganancias crecen. Proyecta que humanoides dentro de tres años podrían abaratar actividades físicas y alterar empresas e ideas, por lo que busca lo que menos se vea perjudicado. Usa la decisión de Michael Saylor como ejemplo: explica que, según su interpretación de entrevistas de 2021, Saylor afrontaba competencia de Microsoft y tasas cercanas a cero que dificultaban rentabilizar el balance de su empresa; habría buscado en Bitcoin un activo defendible frente a la devaluación. Visser afirma que muchas empresas podrían verse en una situación competitiva semejante en cinco años, ahora frente a un gran número de negocios nativos de IA que una persona con agentes podría crear. Por eso plantea la necesidad de una reserva de valor, aunque reconoce que a más personas les cuesta encontrar dónde guardar dinero para que valga más dentro de tres años. El pasaje incluye su opinión de que la gente suele llegar a Bitcoin tras dificultades personales o empresariales; no lo presenta como una condición universal.
▶ Bitcoin, oro y señales del ecosistema cripto
Visser dice que no sabe qué activo valdrá más dentro de tres años y que elegiría el oro como reserva de valor junto con Bitcoin. Advierte que, si las presiones deflacionarias de la IA llegan al extremo que él y el presentador creen posible, podrían afectar a empresas y activos porque muchas cosas tenderían a ser gratuitas. Considera Bitcoin una cobertura frente a ese escenario y opina que cripto debería representar 5% de una cartera diversificada; expresa incertidumbre sobre si Ethereum, Solana, Sui o BitTensor mantendrán su posición, porque la IA podría generar ideas más rápido. Prefiere activos cuyo valor dependa de la creencia en una reserva de valor, como oro y Bitcoin. Sobre el mejor desempeño de Ethereum frente a Bitcoin, explica que usa varias señales para evaluar el ecosistema: actividad, volúmenes y transacciones; dice que su índice de 40 activos y sus ocho sectores de igual ponderación estaban superando Bitcoin. Interpreta Ethereum sobre Bitcoin como señal de que aumentan los efectos de red. Vincula la posible expansión futura de transacciones a agentes de consumo y stablecoins, y considera Ethereum el activo de ese ámbito más conocido por las finanzas tradicionales y, en su opinión, el más seguro entre las alternativas que menciona para captar esa actividad. Mantiene que Bitcoin es la reserva de valor elegida por grandes patrimonios y Ethereum podría beneficiarse del uso de stablecoins y agentes.
▶ BitTensor, China y la investigación antes de opinar
Preguntado por BitTensor como cruce entre IA y cripto, Visser dice que no lo ha estudiado lo suficiente como para conversarlo con confianza. Explica que está intentando entender cómo encajan las distintas partes de los agentes de IA en cripto y que prefiere hacer investigación profunda antes de opinar. Como ejemplo, comenta una entrevista de Ezra Klein a Kevin Rudd, ex primer ministro australiano, sobre Xi Jinping y el plan de IA de China. Visser dice haber viajado a China un mes al año entre 2007 y 2012 y afirma que esa experiencia le permitió comprender aspectos culturales y de base; sostiene que, en su opinión, gran parte de lo que ve en medios occidentales no es cierto. Relaciona la entrevista con la economía en forma de K, las ideas de Marx y Lenin, y el papel de la manufactura china en el paso de moléculas a bits. Dice que necesita escuchar perspectivas de varias personas conocedoras de BitTensor antes de responder. Entre 2867 y 2933 se incluye un anuncio de Arch Public, que promociona operaciones automatizadas para acciones, materias primas y ETF, además de cosecha de pérdidas fiscales en cripto; esas son afirmaciones del patrocinio.
▶ Rieles digitales, movilidad y mundos virtuales
El presentador plantea, sin afirmar que sea experto en España o sus políticas, que unos videos de migrantes llegando a sus costas le hicieron pensar en la diferencia entre transportar físicamente bienes antes y mover dinero digitalmente ahora. Pregunta por el vínculo entre migración, remesas, criptomonedas y rieles financieros abiertos. Visser responde que la moneda digital facilita mover valor y podría debilitar fronteras; pone el ejemplo de alguien en Argentina que guarda fondos en stablecoins en dólares ante una devaluación de 50% anual, algo que dice que no era posible de la misma forma cuando vivía en Brasil. Añade que antes algunas personas migraban para estudiar, contratar trabajadores formados o crear empresas, mientras que la IA, la nube, las plataformas y stablecoins pueden permitir crear y vender globalmente negocios con poca gente desde cualquier lugar. A su juicio, esto podría hacer menos necesario mudarse, aunque reconoce que el nacionalismo y el vínculo con el país de origen persistirán; prevé cambios y fragmentación en las ideas sobre fronteras. El presentador distingue las reuniones digitales actuales —como la conversación remota en curso— de la idea de avatares de videojuegos, que le convence menos. Visser cita Fortnite como experiencia virtual social ya extendida entre jóvenes, y Axie Infinity como juego con efectos económicos que, según él, impactó la economía filipina; lo describe como juego con apuestas y pago para jugar. También menciona activos digitales de recuerdos deportivos como posible uso de mundos virtuales. Sostiene que buena parte de los 700 billones de dólares está en manos de mayores de 60 años y que el cambio demográfico dará más influencia a jóvenes que aceptan riesgos y formas de entretenimiento virtuales. El presentador cierra este tramo respaldando que se viva de una forma menos aburrida.
▶ Cierre: compras en Micron y riesgos pendientes
Visser dice que en su video de esa semana cubrirá el caso Leopold, los movimientos de factores y los cambios en la estructura del mercado. Explica que publicó videos adicionales durante un mes nervioso para ayudar a evitar decisiones emocionales. Planea mostrar por qué cree que el mínimo de la operación de IA podría haber quedado atrás y un informe llamado «Combing Through the Carnage» sobre acciones que técnicamente no se rompieron. Según su comparación, antes veía probabilidades de una a dos para la operación de IA y ahora, tras la corrección, considera que para muchas cosas son de tres a una; dice que el mercado sigue en una tendencia alcista y por encima de medias móviles. Confirma que compró Micron dos semanas antes y que tuvo oportunidad de comprar algo más abajo; describe esas compras como pequeñas y afirma sentirse más cómodo comprando caídas que fortaleza. No cree que los precios vayan directamente a máximos y espera más liquidaciones, particularmente durante la primera semana de agosto. Atribuye una parte importante de la presión vendedora a la situación de Leopold. El presentador agradece y ambos se despiden.
Transcripción completa
[0:01] Bitcoin, Bitcoin
[0:02] finds you. You don't
[0:03] find Bitcoin
[0:04] until you personally or
[0:05] your business is
[0:06] so
[0:07] devastated that you can't
[0:08] get out of
[0:10] the hole, and you're looking for somewhere to
[0:11] invest your money while
[0:12] you plan your next
[0:13] move. In his case,
[0:14] Bitcoin rose,
[0:15] allowing him
[0:16] to implement his
[0:17] strategy, but that's
[0:18] why most people
[0:19] consider it a
[0:20] scam. In my
[0:21] opinion,
[0:21] What's going on,
[0:22] guys? Today's
[0:24] conversation with Jordi
[0:24] Visser is wonderful. We're
[0:25] talking about the
[0:26] AI stock crash, what
[0:27] happened to Ken
[0:28] Griffin,
[0:29] Leopold, and
[0:29] their entire portfolio.
[0:30] Then we move on
[0:31] to the events in Korea and
[0:32] Japan, and
[0:33] all the liquidations that
[0:34] took place there. We're
[0:35] talking about Kevin
[0:36] Warsh, the Federal
[0:36] Reserve, and
[0:37] all the
[0:38] interest rate decisions. And,
[0:39] of course, we're talking
[0:40] about cryptocurrency,
[0:40] Bitcoin, Ethereum, and
[0:41] more.
[0:42] Today's conversation
[0:43] with Jordi Visser is
[0:44] full of ideas that I
[0:45] think you will find
[0:45] very valuable. So here's
[0:47] my last conversation with
[0:48] Jordy. Okay,
[0:49] Geordie, it's been a
[0:50] busy week, we have a lot to
[0:51] talk about.
[0:52] Let's start by selling off
[0:53] shares of AI, er,
[0:54] Leopold, and Situational
[0:56] Awareness. It looks like they are
[0:57] forced to sell off
[0:59] their entire portfolio.
[1:00] Um, you've been through
[1:01] a few of these meltdowns.
[1:03] What are your conclusions
[1:04] based on what
[1:05] has happened over the last
[1:06] week or
[1:07] so?
[1:09] Well, I think there are, um,
[1:11] two parts to this. And yes, I,
[1:13] I was in Brazil, uh,
[1:16] in 1997, 1998, and
[1:18] early '99. And I was,
[1:22] uh, I was part of the
[1:24] liquidation of LTCM. I was
[1:26] part of the real
[1:28] liquidation, meaning I
[1:29] came back to the US in
[1:31] early 99 and headed the
[1:32] S&P portfolio. And later
[1:39] , in 2007, uh, I
[1:40] managed
[1:41] a macro portfolio
[1:42] during the quantum
[1:43] crash, which
[1:44] was actually the
[1:45] GARP crash, during the
[1:46] great financial
[1:48] crisis, but very
[1:49] early on. And I would
[1:52] even add Archegos or
[1:54] whatever the
[1:56] project was called that exploded in
[1:58] 2021. I've been
[2:00] through a bunch of
[2:01] situations like this, and here's the
[2:03] most important thing, and I don't
[2:04] think I've seen it in the
[2:05] news the way
[2:06] it's
[2:07] described. So one
[2:11] interesting thing about
[2:12] leverage in the
[2:13] hedge fund world
[2:14] is that
[2:15] when you eventually
[2:16] get to the bottom,
[2:17] meaning when you
[2:18] have such a
[2:19] significant drawdown, you
[2:20] have to find
[2:21] buyers for your
[2:22] portfolio or it has to be
[2:24] liquidated. And this
[2:26] happened in all three
[2:28] scenarios. And once
[2:29] that starts
[2:30] happening, where you
[2:31] either have to
[2:32] call people, or
[2:33] your prime brokers
[2:34] know everything, and they
[2:35] call others themselves --
[2:36] which is usually what
[2:37] happens, because prime
[2:38] brokers in
[2:39] investment banks
[2:40] are their lenders -- and
[2:41] once they
[2:42] get involved, everyone
[2:43] starts to see
[2:44] the portfolio, assess
[2:45] their own risks,
[2:46] understand where they are
[2:47] vulnerable, and start
[2:48] hedging. So, I
[2:50] want to make sure
[2:51] people understand: In
[2:53] my opinion, this was a
[2:54] market purge. But
[2:56] that doesn't mean we
[2:57] won't see
[2:57] further
[2:58] volatility. However,
[3:00] the situation
[3:02] he went through is when
[3:03] you start losing
[3:04] money mostly for the
[3:05] reasons I
[3:06] mentioned: the slowdown in
[3:08] AI development in
[3:09] the middle of the cycle, when
[3:10] everything becomes too
[3:11] crowded and everyone is in the
[3:12] same position. And
[3:14] especially when you're
[3:15] dealing with someone who has
[3:17] achieved such fame,
[3:18] making huge amounts of
[3:19] money, and you see their
[3:20] positions in 13F reports, and they've
[3:23] never been through this before and they believe
[3:24] in
[3:25] fundamentals—but the
[3:26] stock prices are constantly
[3:27] deviating from the
[3:28] fundamentals. We saw
[3:30] this last year during
[3:31] Liberation Day. The
[3:32] stock market can
[3:33] fall 20%, with
[3:34] nothing changing in the economy,
[3:35] nothing changing in earnings
[3:36] , and it can
[3:38] recover just as quickly. So for
[3:39] me, AI trading
[3:41] started to become overgrown with
[3:42] narratives that
[3:43] Anthropic was in trouble. Or that
[3:45] hyperscalers are in a
[3:46] difficult position.
[3:47] That we will never
[3:48] receive income. Open
[3:49] source. All this appeared
[3:51] every week. It was something
[3:52] new that we had to
[3:53] talk about. Although in fact,
[3:54] during
[3:55] July we
[3:56] observed a
[3:57] record contraction of
[3:58] factors. This
[3:59] crippled Leopold
[4:00] to the point where he
[4:01] had to leave
[4:03] his briefcase. What
[4:06] we don't know for sure is
[4:07] when
[4:08] Citadel found out about this?
[4:11] When did Millennium find out about this
[4:13] ? I mention this
[4:14] because these are the names that
[4:16] appeared in the press. And
[4:17] as soon as they see
[4:18] the situation, they
[4:19] understand that they also
[4:20] have something to do with it
[4:21] . So, the
[4:23] four-day movement
[4:24] began on Friday
[4:25] last week and
[4:26] continued this week, with the
[4:27] final part
[4:28] falling two hours
[4:29] after the Fed decision.
[4:35] To me, it was a
[4:36] huge number of
[4:37] people who not only
[4:38] liquidated his
[4:39] portfolio, but also
[4:40] made sure that they were
[4:41] reducing their own
[4:42] risks
[4:42] by using his
[4:44] positions to come out of
[4:45] this situation in a
[4:46] better position.
[4:49] So for anyone
[4:50] watching this and asking, "
[4:51] Well, what's going on?"
[4:53] "These are markets, and as I
[4:54] said, one of
[4:55] my themes is more
[4:56] bubbles, more
[4:58] parabolas, and more
[4:59] steep crashes." We
[5:01] just went through a "
[5:02] minibubble" that
[5:03] could be seen
[5:04] through a parabola, and
[5:05] now we have a
[5:06] rapid collapse.
[5:08] Remember, no matter how
[5:09] fast markets rise
[5:10] during a bubble—it
[5:12] feels like you're
[5:13] climbing a flight of stairs
[5:14] and then falling into an
[5:16] elevator shaft on the way
[5:17] down, and I think that's exactly what
[5:18] happened
[5:19] this month. Do
[5:21] you think
[5:23] Citadel knew it was in trouble, and
[5:24] was this story about the
[5:25] unexpected
[5:27] Fed rate hike a potentially
[5:28] intentional way
[5:30] to put it in a
[5:31] difficult position, or is it
[5:32] just the internet
[5:33] putting on a
[5:34] tinfoil hat and
[5:35] trying to come up with a
[5:36] cool story?
[5:39] We will never
[5:40] know. Hmm, that
[5:42] helped matters.
[5:47] You know, I made
[5:48] a video in the middle of the week
[5:49] where I broke down, first of all,
[5:51] the damage that occurred
[5:52] before these four days.
[5:56] Therefore,
[5:57] Leopold's losses were not
[5:58] caused by
[5:59] Ken Griffin
[6:00] contacting him, or by
[6:01] him contacting
[6:02] these institutions himself or through
[6:04] prime brokers. Um,
[6:06] the losses were
[6:07] because
[6:08] a correction was about to happen, and markets don't
[6:09] just move up.
[6:12] I think he got caught up
[6:13] in the trap of the
[6:14] losses
[6:15] piling up so
[6:16] quickly and so many
[6:17] people making
[6:18] the same bets that
[6:19] it got to the point where
[6:20] he had to
[6:21] find something
[6:22] or he might go
[6:23] bankrupt. And I
[6:26] think whether it was the
[6:27] earnings reports
[6:29] or the fear that
[6:30] the Fed would raise rates.
[6:32] I'll say this: a lot of
[6:33] the press wrote that Citadel
[6:34] made a statement
[6:35] that they would raise
[6:36] rates. There were other
[6:37] people who thought
[6:38] they would get a raise.
[6:39] The probability was
[6:40] close to 40%. Um, so
[6:42] it's not like they
[6:43] caused it, and I don't
[6:44] think we'll
[6:45] ever know if that's the
[6:46] case. But I really
[6:47] think that when you have
[6:48] someone who is suffering and
[6:50] heading towards
[6:50] disaster, it seems like
[6:52] they were able to come out of
[6:53] it with significant
[6:54] gains in a year and
[6:55] were able to clean up their
[6:56] portfolio; however,
[6:57] the reality is that
[6:58] we will never
[6:59] know the answer
[7:00] to your question.
[7:04] When you look at
[7:05] his results, there are
[7:06] rumors right now
[7:07] that he was up
[7:09] 400%, and through June
[7:10] he had about
[7:12] $25 billion in a
[7:13] hedge fund that he
[7:14] started two or three years
[7:16] ago. Um, this is
[7:18] objectively one of the, um
[7:19] , wildest runs
[7:21] that I think
[7:22] anyone has had while
[7:23] starting a hedge fund
[7:25] in the last few
[7:26] decades. A drop
[7:27] of 80%, 70%, you know, whatever
[7:29] that number
[7:30] actually is, still
[7:31] means there
[7:32] could be
[7:34] about $10 billion left in the fund
[7:35] . So if you
[7:36] were a potential
[7:37] investor or
[7:38] maybe someone who was
[7:39] evaluating whether
[7:40] or not to work there, does
[7:41] that put him in a
[7:42] negative light and
[7:44] people say, “Hey,
[7:45] you know, he’s a failed
[7:46] hedge fund manager. "
[7:47] Everyone will just run away."
[7:48] Or people will say, “
[7:49] Look, now
[7:50] we have a guy who is
[7:51] obviously skilled; "
[7:52] He's ambitious, he
[7:53] just got a great
[7:54] reminder to
[7:55] reduce risk, so
[7:56] maybe now is the
[7:56] most attractive time
[7:57] , and he can, you know,
[7:58] show really
[7:59] good results."
[8:02] I, I, I think, um, that
[8:03] this whole conversation is, uh
[8:05] ...I've learned over the years
[8:08] that people
[8:09] can raise
[8:10] capital: if you
[8:11] show profits,
[8:13] people will give you money
[8:14] . Um, of that 10 billion
[8:15] , I mean,
[8:16] it was reported that
[8:18] about 5 billion of
[8:19] that—that's a private
[8:20] position in Anthropic. Um,
[8:22] so I, I don't know
[8:23] how much money he
[8:24] raised. I don't know what
[8:25] happened there. I'm
[8:26] sure he still
[8:28] took the money.
[8:29] I think it's very difficult to
[8:30] recover from a
[8:31] scenario where you're 25
[8:32] years old and you're talking
[8:33] about just
[8:34] having a learning
[8:36] experience, which
[8:37] was reported in the
[8:38] letter he
[8:39] sent. Um, I think it would be
[8:43] very difficult for big investors to
[8:44] give him money, um,
[8:45] for that. I'm sure there
[8:46] were people who also
[8:48] used his
[8:49] knowledge, uh, to
[8:50] figure out what to
[8:51] invest in. So, I...
[8:52] this is another thing, and I don't
[8:54] know how much we've
[8:55] talked about this, but
[8:56] you know, the
[8:57] market structure is changing, and...
[9:03] You and I met
[9:04] around the combination of AI
[9:05] and crypto. I
[9:08] like
[9:09] spending my time on
[9:10] AI. I will repeat over and over again
[9:12] for anyone who wants to
[9:14] go to my YouTube and
[9:15] watch that the demand
[9:16] for computing
[9:17] power will continue
[9:18] to exceed
[9:19] supply for a long time to come. And along the
[9:21] way, unfortunately,
[9:23] we will see much of what we
[9:24] saw this
[9:25] year. So, let's
[9:26] go back and
[9:27] summarize. At
[9:28] the beginning of the year, we
[9:29] saw a crash in
[9:30] software stocks
[9:31] . It
[9:32] has spread to other
[9:33] sectors. Everyone
[9:34] was worried that the
[9:35] ultimate value of
[9:36] companies could not be
[9:37] estimated 3 years in
[9:38] advance. This is a fact.
[9:41] Hedge fund leverage
[9:43] was at a record high at the start of the year
[9:44] , and
[9:46] Goldman Sachs
[9:47] said in a report that it was the
[9:48] largest increase in
[9:49] gross risk
[9:51] they had seen in
[9:52] any five-month
[9:52] period in history.
[9:54] If all of this is true, and
[9:56] I believe it is,
[9:57] hedge
[9:58] fund leverage has been increasing at a
[9:59] time when terminal
[10:01] value, or
[10:02] the ability to value
[10:03] a company in 3 years, is
[10:04] falling. I think what
[10:06] we saw with Leopold and
[10:08] what we will see across the
[10:09] market is
[10:10] structural change. AI
[10:11] agents are becoming increasingly
[10:12] active in
[10:13] decision-making.
[10:14] More
[10:15] optimized
[10:16] portfolios are emerging because
[10:17] it's so easy to do
[10:18] . Robinhood just released
[10:20] another agent
[10:21] tool this
[10:22] week that allows
[10:24] people to
[10:25] instantly receive
[10:26] technical indicators
[10:27] from AI agents while sitting at home. The game
[10:30] is accelerating, and therefore
[10:31] , innovation is changing
[10:32] . We are
[10:33] going through a
[10:34] period where everything
[10:36] is accelerating dramatically, and what used to
[10:37] take 30
[10:39] years now takes 3
[10:40] years. This means that
[10:41] for all financial
[10:42] markets, but especially
[10:43] for hedge funds that
[10:44] borrow money,
[10:45] typically have
[10:46] quarterly
[10:47] liquidity, and
[10:48] make
[10:49] large
[10:50] leveraged investments,
[10:51] they wouldn't be able to
[10:52] get out of them quickly
[10:53] even if they wanted to,
[10:54] and positions are becoming
[10:55] more crowded
[10:56] than ever, which is why we've
[10:57] seen the biggest
[10:58] momentum reversal in
[10:59] history. The
[11:01] market structure is changing, and I
[11:02] don't think
[11:03] leverage will ever
[11:04] return to its
[11:05] former highs.
[11:06] So, just as I've
[11:07] said
[11:08] many times, which has been
[11:10] true this year, the
[11:13] S&P 500's earnings growth is
[11:14] over 20%. The S&P is not on
[11:15] track to grow
[11:17] by more than 20% per year. We have
[11:18] already seen the compression of
[11:19] multipliers. I
[11:20] think we'll see the same thing with
[11:23] leverage. So, I
[11:24] believe that for
[11:25] public stocks and
[11:26] hedge funds, a
[11:27] scenario will emerge in which
[11:28] rapid crashes
[11:29] will occur more
[11:30] frequently. We will see
[11:32] more events
[11:33] like Leopold. This will force
[11:34] people and prime
[11:35] brokers to not provide
[11:36] as much
[11:37] leverage as before. So
[11:39] not only will indices face
[11:40] compression of
[11:41] multiples, you
[11:42] will also see more and
[11:43] more of these
[11:43] extreme
[11:44] cases within
[11:45] hedge funds.
[11:46] Let's talk
[11:47] about Korea and Japan. I'll
[11:48] read you some
[11:49] statistics.
[11:50] So, the
[11:52] South Korean stock market fell
[11:53] by 45% in about 40
[11:54] days and wiped out
[11:55] $2 trillion in
[11:56] market
[11:57] capitalization. Then
[11:58] in South Korea,
[11:59] about 1.2 million leveraged
[12:00] retail trading
[12:02] accounts
[12:03] received margin calls
[12:06] as of
[12:07] mid-July. And
[12:09] then if you
[12:09] look at Japan, you
[12:11] 'll see that
[12:12] about $200 billion
[12:13] was
[12:14] lost in the
[12:15] Japanese stock
[12:16] market in one day
[12:17] when it fell, you know,
[12:19] almost 3%. And so
[12:20] when I see this, my
[12:23] first impression is, "
[12:24] Hey, we live in an
[12:25] interconnected
[12:26] world, and if the United States
[12:27] is, you know,
[12:28] struggling, then other
[12:29] markets are obviously struggling too."
[12:31] But when I read
[12:32] the statistics about
[12:33] South Korea and
[12:35] leveraged retail accounts
[12:36] , it seems like
[12:37] something very
[12:38] unique to that
[12:39] region, as opposed
[12:40] to the United
[12:41] States. How do you
[12:42] assess the impact that,
[12:43] you know, Asian
[12:44] markets can have on the
[12:45] US?
[12:48] Well, first of all, uh,
[12:50] Korea has grown 56% since
[12:51] the beginning of the year. So, just
[12:55] like Leopold, uh,
[12:59] which had a huge
[13:00] slump and
[13:01] needed help,
[13:02] according to the data
[13:03] we have, it's still
[13:05] up 80%
[13:06] year-to-date, I believe,
[13:07] from what I
[13:08] saw today. Uh, the
[13:10] Korean market, you
[13:11] just mentioned the size of
[13:13] the correction, but their
[13:14] market is up 56%
[13:15] year-to-date. The S&P 500
[13:17] has risen about 8% since
[13:19] the beginning of the year. I, I
[13:22] just think that, uh,
[13:23] AI allows people,
[13:24] because of the speed, to
[13:25] get into things, into
[13:27] trends, because
[13:28] fundamentally, I
[13:29] mean, where
[13:30] Samsung, SK Hynix, Micron are trading
[13:32] , I mean,
[13:33] they're trading at
[13:34] multiples
[13:36] that mean that
[13:37] people are already betting on the
[13:38] end of this cycle at
[13:40] some point, because these are
[13:41] cyclical companies. And
[13:43] so I think people
[13:44] bought them because they
[13:45] had a
[13:46] mathematical
[13:47] rationale behind it. Uh,
[13:49] again, for
[13:50] anyone watching this who
[13:52] has more of a
[13:52] traditional
[13:53] financial
[13:54] mentality rather than a
[13:55] Bitcoin mentality,
[13:56] I think the market
[13:58] is going through, uh,
[13:59] within the next 5
[14:00] years, AI is going to destroy all
[14:02] public companies. And
[14:04] when I say "destroy,"
[14:05] it will destroy
[14:06] confidence in the
[14:08] future growth of all companies, and that's why the
[14:09] multiples
[14:10] have to go down. It's
[14:11] not that
[14:12] companies
[14:13] will go bankrupt, it's that
[14:14] you won't be able
[14:15] to know if your company will survive
[14:17] because it will be
[14:18] eaten by AI-native
[14:19] startups that have
[14:20] much higher margins in
[14:21] their business and
[14:22] are able to compete in everything
[14:24] you do.
[14:26] This will take time
[14:27] . Physical constraints
[14:30] allow Micron, Samsung,
[14:31] and SK Hynix to have
[14:33] shortages again, which is why the
[14:34] Korean market was
[14:36] there. But I really
[14:38] think the mentality
[14:39] around margins is very
[14:40] different in the
[14:41] Korean market
[14:42] compared to the
[14:43] US market. But remember
[14:46] also that the US market
[14:48] has experienced a
[14:49] long-term
[14:50] bull market, where the
[14:51] S&P has returned
[14:53] over 15% annually since 2007,
[14:55] while the rest of the world
[14:56] has seen stocks
[14:57] generally outperform
[14:59] their 2007 performance
[15:00] in just the last 3
[15:02] years. That's
[15:06] the difference, Anthony: people
[15:09] got a taste of a
[15:09] bull market for the first time in a long time. In
[15:11] the US, people were
[15:12] involved in this, they don't
[15:13] need leverage as much
[15:14] because the household net worth
[15:15] in the
[15:16] country is
[15:17] over $180 trillion
[15:18] . dollars.
[15:20] Now, when talking about
[15:21] leverage, people
[15:22] may think about it
[15:23] a little differently, but
[15:24] the big hyperscalers
[15:26] use their
[15:27] free cash
[15:28] flow. They take on
[15:29] certain debts.
[15:31] They don't necessarily
[15:32] speculate on
[15:33] daily stock prices,
[15:34] but they do
[15:35] bet heavily on
[15:36] getting a return on their
[15:38] capital investments
[15:39] . Dor Cash published a
[15:40] great piece
[15:41] this week,
[15:42] which I know you have
[15:43] some thoughts on. What was
[15:45] your conclusion from his
[15:46] article?
[15:47] I will be working through his article
[15:48] in detail
[15:49] over the weekend. I
[15:53] think it's great,
[15:54] it's a bit
[15:55] controversial in one
[15:56] aspect where it says
[15:58] that winners
[15:59] really
[15:59] concentrate, and that
[16:01] argument can be
[16:02] applied to
[16:03] Anthropic and OpenAI as well as
[16:04] hyperscalers. I don't
[16:09] think that
[16:09] will happen, but his
[16:11] argument does
[16:12] point out a fact that
[16:13] contradicts what
[16:14] people are saying, and I
[16:15] agree with that. So
[16:20] his argument
[16:21] was that
[16:22] Anthropic and OpenAI
[16:23] will actually control
[16:25] a lot more of
[16:25] AI than people
[16:27] realize, because
[16:28] they will be the only ones
[16:29] who can own
[16:30] the computing
[16:31] power and
[16:32] provide it to others, and the
[16:33] most valuable things
[16:34] will require a
[16:35] token-per-
[16:37] watt rate. And this is exactly what
[16:40] becomes truly
[16:41] effective. If we
[16:43] never get to the
[16:44] point, or if it
[16:45] takes too
[16:46] long for the supply of
[16:48] computing
[16:49] power to
[16:49] match the demand,
[16:51] we will have a problem. The
[16:53] analogy I
[16:54] use over
[16:55] the weekend is how
[16:58] people's attitudes toward buying a car change
[16:59] when gas costs a
[17:01] dollar versus $10 a
[17:02] gallon. So at a price of a
[17:03] dollar per gallon, it's
[17:05] not difficult for people to buy "
[17:06] fuel-hungry" cars.
[17:08] They are cheaper than more
[17:09] expensive models. But
[17:10] if a gallon costs
[17:12] $10, and an economical
[17:13] car that gets 40 miles
[17:15] per gallon versus
[17:16] 10 miles per gallon costs 50%
[17:18] more, then more
[17:19] people will choose that
[17:21] car because it makes more
[17:22] sense. And that's exactly how it will be
[17:24] . The
[17:25] company I want to
[17:27] give as an example
[17:28] is Disney. How much
[17:29] computing
[17:30] power is available
[17:32] ? Let's assume there is
[17:33] only a limited
[17:34] amount of
[17:34] computing
[17:35] resources that Anthropic
[17:37] can offer to
[17:38] all the companies in the world.
[17:39] And let's assume,
[17:41] for simplicity, that this is a
[17:42] specific number. And
[17:43] they have
[17:45] 100
[17:46] gigawatts of computing power. And
[17:48] Disney comes along and says, "I want all
[17:49] this power, and I'm
[17:50] willing to pay you a
[17:51] trillion dollars for
[17:53] it." And everyone else is
[17:54] willing to pay
[17:55] only one hundred billion
[17:56] dollars. And Anthropic
[17:57] says, "Okay, you
[17:58] get these
[17:59] powers, and
[18:00] no one else gets them." The
[18:02] reason Disney would
[18:03] want to do this is
[18:04] because
[18:05] video is the
[18:06] most
[18:07] token-intensive scenario. So
[18:09] let's say they
[18:10] want to make a
[18:10] movie that
[18:12] costs $
[18:14] 50 million instead of $3 billion. But they
[18:15] can go and sell
[18:17] it at prices that
[18:18] will bring in income. So
[18:19] , they are willing to pay
[18:20] more for their
[18:21] token revenues because they
[18:23] have
[18:23] distribution channels. Here's
[18:27] his
[18:28] argument: since
[18:29] the supply of
[18:30] computing
[18:31] power is almost
[18:32] zero and the capabilities
[18:33] are growing every day, people
[18:34] will need it.
[18:37] Now the argument on the
[18:38] other side of
[18:39] why hyperscalers are
[18:40] in danger and all that
[18:41] is the fact that people
[18:42] believe that you
[18:43] can never
[18:44] get those profits.
[18:46] But if you can
[18:47] sell something at a
[18:48] certain price, because
[18:49] there is no deflation. If
[18:52] Disney can sell
[18:53] movie tickets for
[18:54] $20 a seat and no
[18:55] one else can
[18:57] offer a lower
[18:58] price, then now they have it
[18:59] . Well, that's why
[19:01] Micron is now having
[19:02] profits at levels
[19:03] we've never
[19:04] seen in living memory, because there's a
[19:05] shortage of it. The
[19:09] computing
[19:10] power shortage is a
[19:11] reality, and I don't
[19:12] care what anyone says
[19:13] about CDS on
[19:14] hyperscalers, we
[19:15] just looked at Amazon,
[19:16] Microsoft, and Google, and
[19:18] their combined contract backlog
[19:21] is approaching $2
[19:22] trillion. If you
[19:24] add Oracle, you
[19:25] get over 2
[19:26] trillion. And they all
[19:28] said the same thing
[19:28] during their
[19:29] calls, which I'm
[19:30] going to break down.
[19:31] We have orders that
[19:32] match our
[19:34] capital expenditures
[19:35] . So, they didn't
[19:35] cut capital
[19:36] spending. They
[19:38] have generally increased capital
[19:39] expenditures. Overall,
[19:40] assuming this was
[19:41] consistent with all
[19:42] price changes. I just
[19:43] think that when you
[19:44] read
[19:45] Dwarkesh's article, he makes a
[19:46] very controversial
[19:47] conclusion, which
[19:48] Gavin
[19:49] Baker also supported, which is that if
[19:50] the amount of
[19:51] computing
[19:52] power is limited
[19:53] , then the company that can
[19:54] provide the most
[19:55] efficient models, which
[19:56] are Anthropic and OpenAI,
[19:57] will get the big
[19:58] orders from everyone,
[19:59] because they were also
[20:01] smart enough
[20:02] to secure the
[20:03] available computing
[20:04] resources. This
[20:05] contradicts the story
[20:06] of open
[20:06] source. This
[20:07] contradicts everything. And
[20:09] I believe this will
[20:10] be reflected in the
[20:11] ARR figures for
[20:12] Anthropic and OpenAI until
[20:13] the situation
[20:14] changes. And I don't know
[20:15] when the supply of
[20:16] computing
[20:17] power
[20:18] will catch up with
[20:19] demand, because demand is only
[20:20] growing.
[20:23] So, let's assume
[20:24] he's right about this.
[20:28] Then you look at
[20:29] Microsoft, xAI or SpaceX.
[20:34] Look at Meta, Google.
[20:37] I mean, these people
[20:38] have enormous
[20:39] access to
[20:39] computing
[20:40] power. Why do
[20:41] some of them
[20:42] open their
[20:43] capabilities to others?
[20:44] Do they simply not
[20:45] need as much as they have
[20:46] already
[20:47] built? And also, does
[20:48] this mean that if
[20:49] they have more
[20:51] access to computing
[20:52] than Anthropic or OpenAI, then
[20:53] don't OpenAI
[20:55] and Anthropic find themselves at a
[20:56] disadvantage compared
[20:57] to these giants who
[20:59] might catch up?
[21:01] Well, let's
[21:02] look at the
[21:02] difference between those who
[21:04] provide their
[21:04] computing
[21:05] power and those who
[21:06] absorb it. OpenAI
[21:08] and Anthropic do not provide
[21:09] computing
[21:10] power. They are the ones who
[21:11] absorb them.
[21:12] They are the ones who eat
[21:14] everything. xAI or SpaceX
[21:15] offer
[21:16] computing
[21:16] resources because they
[21:18] don't need them right
[21:19] now. Eventually, they'll
[21:20] need them for
[21:21] humanoid
[21:22] robots, full
[21:23] autopilot, and everything else
[21:24] he's
[21:25] going to have. On
[21:26] the other hand, Meta
[21:27] is concerned about
[21:28] personal agents
[21:30] , and they are interested in the
[21:31] fact that the demand for the
[21:32] agents they will
[21:33] need is
[21:34] much higher. Sam
[21:35] Altman interviewed
[21:36] Patrick O'Shaughnessy on the
[21:37] Invest Like the Best podcast.
[21:39] He was again specifically
[21:40] talking about what I
[21:41] show in my videos
[21:42] every weekend, which is that
[21:43] we're still in
[21:45] , I mean, we're
[21:46] not even out of the
[21:47] first out in the
[21:47] first inning on
[21:49] agentic needs for
[21:50] inference. All we've been
[21:51] doing so far are
[21:52] agents for
[21:52] programming.
[21:55] We haven't gotten to personal agents yet. Until
[21:58] people can
[21:59] talk to an icon,
[22:00] their phone, or something
[22:01] else with an AI model that
[22:03] can respond
[22:04] like Siri and do the things
[22:05] we want
[22:06] it to do. Siri is
[22:10] not working yet. Alexa is
[22:11] not working yet. If you
[22:13] 're in a place with
[22:14] poor coverage, you
[22:16] can't really
[22:17] use OpenAI
[22:18] on your phone to make
[22:19] it work.
[22:21] It should be on the
[22:22] phone itself. And this
[22:23] means that hardware
[22:24] needs memory. We're
[22:25] in a situation
[22:26] where, again, I can't
[22:28] say it loud enough to
[22:29] people: we simply
[22:30] don't have the hardware
[22:31] and
[22:32] capabilities to
[22:32] provide AI with everything it
[22:33] needs. So,
[22:34] demand is growing. Of course
[22:36] , there are ways in which
[22:39] supply can catch up with
[22:40] demand. But that's not even
[22:42] close to what's
[22:43] happening now.
[22:45] So there will be consequences
[22:46] for algorithmic
[22:47] efficiency. Sam
[22:48] Altman talks
[22:49] about all this in an interview
[22:51] with Patrick O'Shaughnessy,
[22:52] where he literally says
[22:53] : "We underestimated
[22:54] the size of the offer." And
[22:57] it's OpenAI, which
[22:58] has probably been the most aggressive
[23:00] consumer in this
[23:01] space. And if they
[23:03] underestimated, then
[23:04] think about Anthropic.
[23:05] Anthropic underestimated this to a
[23:06] large extent. Dario
[23:08] Modi
[23:09] warned everyone last year about
[23:10] return on
[23:11] investment (ROIC),
[23:11] saying you're making a
[23:12] huge bet. He
[23:13] was betting that OpenAI had
[23:15] gone crazy. Now
[23:16] do you know what
[23:17] Dario is thinking? Oh my god, I
[23:18] wish I had
[23:19] more. Luckily for
[23:23] him, SpaceX and Meta
[23:24] built so
[23:25] much that in
[23:26] SpaceX's case, they not only
[23:28] sold the capacity to
[23:29] Anthropic, but also to Google. Google is a
[23:33] large cloud
[23:34] provider that
[23:35] lacks its own
[23:36] capacity. And their
[23:37] Gemini—they never
[23:38] created a large
[23:39] model. And this despite the fact that
[23:40] they were one of the
[23:41] leaders in this industry.
[23:42] So, everyone underestimated
[23:43] the amount of
[23:44] computing
[23:45] power needed. And this is
[23:47] happening at a time when
[23:48] every
[23:49] investor who is
[23:50] worried and
[23:51] emails me
[23:52] is saying that we
[23:53] have built too much,
[23:54] that we are not making
[23:55] profits, while
[23:56] all the smart people
[23:57] involved in development
[23:59] and seeing the demand
[24:00] are saying that they are not keeping up with
[24:01] it.
[24:03] Today's episode
[24:04] was produced with the
[24:05] support of Figure Markets.
[24:06] So, folks, who wants a
[24:08] piece of the
[24:09] $160,000? Our
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[24:15] during the month,
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[24:17] never taken a loan from them
[24:19] against
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[24:21] participate. You
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[25:39] It's...it's because Elon
[25:40] seems to be too
[25:41] good at
[25:41] building, you know,
[25:43] and computing
[25:44] power. He is
[25:45] very good at building
[25:46] energy
[25:46] capacities. That's why
[25:48] he was able to build
[25:49] more than he
[25:50] needed, while
[25:51] others may have
[25:52] misjudged
[25:53] their needs; but
[25:54] also, you know, if you
[25:55] pitted Elon
[25:56] against Google and said "
[25:58] let's go," you both
[25:59] had to build,
[26:00] say, 100 megawatts,
[26:01] who would do it
[26:02] faster? I think
[26:03] Elon is superior to
[26:04] almost anyone in the
[26:05] world.
[26:06] Well, that's one of those
[26:07] things, if there's any
[26:08] takeaway from this week
[26:09] that people should
[26:10] make, it's to
[26:11] go back and
[26:12] read
[26:13] Leopold's article on
[26:14] situational
[26:15] awareness in 2027.
[26:17] He was accurate in his
[26:18] predictions about
[26:19] where we would end up. He
[26:20] said that AGI
[26:21] would appear by 2027,
[26:23] and the government would begin to become more
[26:23] actively involved
[26:25] in the company. All these
[26:26] things are really
[26:27] happening. Even
[26:28] more—they
[26:29] happen a little
[26:30] faster than he
[26:31] expected. I think
[26:32] all of this is evidenced by
[26:34] XAI's excess capacity,
[26:36] Meta's excess resources, Sam
[26:37] Altman's words about
[26:38] underestimating
[26:39] the situation, and
[26:41] Dario Amodei's
[26:41] attempts to find
[26:43] computing
[26:44] power elsewhere. The
[26:46] smartest people
[26:48] involved in AI
[26:49] underestimated one thing.
[26:52] And this is the human factor.
[26:54] The danger of what
[26:55] happened with Dario
[26:56] Amodei: if
[26:57] you go back and
[26:58] listen to his
[26:59] arguments last
[27:00] year about what
[27:01] Sam was doing, he
[27:02] was saying that we weren't seeing
[27:03] implementation at the
[27:05] pace we
[27:05] were hoping for. And it
[27:07] was related to
[27:08] people and
[27:08] businesses. What
[27:10] surprised everyone was how
[27:11] businesses
[27:12] accelerated the pace. The
[27:14] reason this is
[27:15] important to everyone, and it has
[27:17] a lot to do with
[27:18] what
[27:19] will happen over the
[27:20] next 12 months
[27:21] with crypto assets,
[27:23] is that everyone
[27:24] underestimates how
[27:25] quickly the world of agents is
[27:26] bringing people together.
[27:29] The agent movement
[27:30] is happening quickly.
[27:33] People can't
[27:34] comprehend what it means
[27:35] when AI agents
[27:36] do everything. This is what
[27:38] happens
[27:39] inside
[27:40] enterprises with
[27:41] workflows:
[27:42] agents figure out
[27:43] how to do it. When we
[27:45] get to the point
[27:46] where you
[27:46] use
[27:47] Leopold and say, "
[27:49] Hey, if you wanted to
[27:50] compare something to
[27:51] Leopold and you
[27:52] had to find
[27:53] the fastest or the
[27:54] best hedge fund
[27:55] from the beginning, then
[27:56] maybe Bitcoin is the
[27:57] best hedge fund in
[27:58] history." His
[28:00] profitability
[28:00] looks like
[28:01] Leopold's. We have
[28:02] corrections. Leopold
[28:04] lost what? 70, 80% of your
[28:06] profits? Well,
[28:07] Bitcoin
[28:09] lost 70, 80% of
[28:10] its gains at the very beginning, but it
[28:11] continued to grow
[28:13] . Why did you have
[28:14] trouble
[28:14] getting all those
[28:15] famous people and
[28:16] investors you
[28:17] mentioned over the
[28:18] last
[28:18] decade to
[28:19] invest in
[28:19] Bitcoin, and why did they
[28:20] kick you out of their
[28:21] offices? All these
[28:22] stories you have
[28:23] happened because
[28:24] they knew better.
[28:25] Such profits do not
[28:26] happen. In the
[28:28] hedge fund world, if you
[28:28] come in and you're
[28:29] Leopold, and you
[28:30] show up, "I
[28:30] make this much
[28:31] money." Okay, great.
[28:33] I'll give you a bunch of money.
[28:34] We saw this
[28:35] happen with Melvin Capital. We've
[28:36] seen how it happened
[28:37] to everything. This is about
[28:38] your past
[28:39] performance, which is not an
[28:40] indicator of future
[28:41] earnings. What
[28:42] AI agents will look like
[28:43] : They won't
[28:44] look at this and
[28:45] say, "I don't
[28:46] believe in Bitcoin." They
[28:47] will look at
[28:48] the profits and say, "
[28:49] Okay, let me
[28:50] factor that in." "
[28:51] Let me
[28:51] assume this is a
[28:52] new asset." "I won't
[28:54] give him all my
[28:56] money, but I will give him 5%,
[28:58] 10%, 15%, 20%." And those people
[29:00] who have 0%, once
[29:01] agents start
[29:02] making decisions for
[29:03] them, will see the same thing
[29:04] we saw with the
[29:05] implementation here—
[29:06] cryptocurrency adoption will
[29:07] skyrocket as AI
[29:08] agents become more
[29:09] involved in
[29:10] transactions and
[29:11] investments.
[29:13] Kevin Warsh, he
[29:14] stole the show by doing nothing
[29:15] . Um, I think
[29:17] everyone was lecturing, talking a lot
[29:18] about Citadel,
[29:19] saying, "Yes, there's going to be a
[29:20] surprise
[29:20] rate hike."
[29:22] Um, I think with
[29:22] the cooling of
[29:23] inflation, there are just a
[29:24] lot of
[29:25] variables here. So they
[29:25] decided to simply
[29:26] postpone solving the
[29:27] problem until later. Do
[29:28] you agree or disagree
[29:29] with their decision?
[29:32] Well, I agree with their
[29:33] decision. Um, I
[29:34] actually
[29:35] like what
[29:36] Kevin Warsh is doing. Hmm,
[29:38] I think
[29:39] using old
[29:40] academic models
[29:42] will be a problem. This is
[29:43] one of the reasons why the
[29:46] hedge fund leverage situation
[29:47] will decline. There's a
[29:48] reason why I'm
[29:49] going to show you some
[29:50] charts that
[29:51] demonstrate
[29:52] how much the
[29:53] stock market has changed structurally
[29:54] . For those of you
[29:56] concerned about
[29:57] factor risk, I'll
[29:58] look at a lot of
[29:59] charts of
[30:00] factor volatility,
[30:01] S&P volatility,
[30:02] Nasdaq volatility,
[30:03] comparing them all, as
[30:04] well as the volatility of
[30:06] individual stocks
[30:07] compared to the
[30:07] volatility of
[30:08] indices. The market
[30:10] is changing, and it is
[30:11] changing because of
[30:12] artificial intelligence.
[30:13] Kevin Warsh says the
[30:14] Fed needs to change
[30:15] because of AI. If you're
[30:19] using data
[30:20] from the previous 3 months
[30:21] in a world where
[30:23] every month is now
[30:23] equivalent to 3 or 30
[30:25] months, if everything
[30:26] runs 10 times
[30:27] faster than before, how
[30:28] can you
[30:29] use
[30:30] yesterday's
[30:31] inflation data to
[30:32] make decisions,
[30:33] except on a
[30:34] psychological level of
[30:35] interaction with people?
[30:38] Well, in the case of
[30:39] market reaction, we
[30:40] got a steeper
[30:40] yield curve
[30:42] where he effectively
[30:43] said, "Well, we did
[30:43] n't really
[30:44] have to
[30:45] do anything because you
[30:46] guys wanted
[30:47] the boost and the market
[30:48] did it for us." 10-
[30:49] year rates have increased, 2-
[30:51] year rates have increased.
[30:52] So, essentially, the market has
[30:53] already done it for us,
[30:54] while inflation has eased a bit
[30:55] . So we have
[30:57] time to wait for
[30:57] inflation to clear up
[30:58] and see where it
[30:59] ends up. I think
[31:00] this new lack of
[31:02] pre-
[31:02] meeting forecasts has led
[31:04] people
[31:05] to estimate a
[31:06] 40% chance of a hike,
[31:07] whereas in the past,
[31:09] an article would have to be published
[31:10] in advance for that. I believe
[31:11] this will add more
[31:12] volatility to the
[31:13] system and more
[31:14] uncertainty, so
[31:15] this brings us back to the
[31:16] point about
[31:17] leverage. If the Fed also
[31:18] contributed to
[31:19] leverage in the system through
[31:20] quantitative
[31:21] easing, meaning
[31:22] when assets fell
[31:23] they increased
[31:24] their balance sheet, then it
[31:25] wants to reduce its
[31:26] balance sheet. Well, that means
[31:27] he wants the Fed to have
[31:29] less
[31:30] leverage. All of this leads to the same
[31:32] conclusion: there
[31:34] will be less
[31:34] leverage in the system. And with the
[31:37] advent of tokenization
[31:38] , which I believe
[31:39] both he and Bessant were talking about,
[31:40] tokenization
[31:42] will free up the money
[31:43] supply in a way that
[31:44] will allow the Fed to
[31:45] simultaneously reduce
[31:47] leverage. What I
[31:49] believe will happen is
[31:50] this: AI agents
[31:52] and tokenization will
[31:53] allow us
[31:54] to monetize dormant
[31:55] assets that are just
[31:56] sitting idle but
[31:57] have value,
[31:58] turning them into
[32:00] daily liquidity
[32:01] and transactions through
[32:02] fractional ownership. And
[32:03] I think when that
[32:04] happens, the
[32:05] Federal
[32:06] Reserve will be
[32:06] needed less, and I
[32:07] think he and
[32:08] Bessent both
[32:09] believe in that, as do people
[32:10] who believe in
[32:10] cryptocurrency and
[32:11] Bitcoin.
[32:11] Do you think it's a
[32:13] good idea for this side
[32:14] to reduce
[32:14] leverage?
[32:15] Yes, I, well, I think
[32:17] it will happen, and I
[32:18] believe so. I think this will
[32:19] help solve
[32:20] the problem of
[32:21] wealth distribution. So, I, I
[32:22] think the K-shaped
[32:23] economy
[32:23] formed because of
[32:24] the use of
[32:26] balance sheet leverage. I think
[32:27] after the great
[32:27] financial crisis, to
[32:28] avoid the great
[32:29] depression, they
[32:30] had to
[32:30] use their
[32:31] balance sheet every time there
[32:32] was a problem.
[32:33] We have a
[32:33] financialized
[32:34] stock market, but
[32:35] right now it doesn't seem like we
[32:36] need these
[32:37] tools the way we
[32:38] did in the past.
[32:39] First, the
[32:40] leverage is not that great,
[32:41] and what increases as
[32:42] CDS widens
[32:43] is on the best
[32:44] balance sheets in the world—
[32:45] hyperscalers. That's
[32:46] why I'm not worried about
[32:48] them. Their CDS should be
[32:49] rising because
[32:50] the markets are clearly
[32:51] having difficulty
[32:52] providing
[32:53] the short-term
[32:54] capital that is
[32:55] coming into the market. I
[32:56] think people need to
[32:58] realize one thing:
[32:59] SpaceX is entering the market
[33:00] . In addition, there are many
[33:01] lock-in periods for
[33:02] stocks that
[33:03] are ending and
[33:03] will affect the market.
[33:04] You have Anthropic, you have OpenAI,
[33:05] they're all raising
[33:07] capital
[33:07] expenditure for these things
[33:09] . We are entering the market
[33:10] with large volumes.
[33:11] Google raised
[33:12] $80 billion.
[33:13] This has never
[33:14] happened before.
[33:15] It takes time for
[33:16] that amount of capital to be
[33:17] absorbed into the market, and
[33:18] I think that's what we've
[33:19] been seeing in AI
[33:20] while all this has been
[33:20] happening. So, I
[33:22] think the Fed's balance sheet
[33:23] will help the K-shaped
[33:24] economy. I think you have to
[33:25] look at
[33:26] it the way
[33:27] Kevin Warsh looks at it. He is not
[33:27] saying that he is going to
[33:28] reduce the balance sheet
[33:29] next year. He
[33:31] says that if
[33:31] possible, he wants
[33:32] these figures
[33:33] to decline, but that
[33:34] will also happen
[33:35] in parallel with
[33:36] rate cuts.
[33:37] So, I think when
[33:38] he's confident about
[33:40] inflation and when the
[33:41] labor market gets
[33:42] soft enough, you'll
[33:43] see a
[33:44] rate cut coupled with
[33:45] a little bit of
[33:46] balance sheet reduction.
[33:49] When we look at
[33:51] what impact this will
[33:52] have on the stock
[33:53] market, on Bitcoin, on
[33:54] gold, on many
[33:55] other assets. Is this something
[33:58] investors
[33:59] should be excited about? Or is
[34:00] it a situation where,
[34:01] if you want to
[34:02] help average
[34:03] citizens, Wall Street
[34:04] suffers. If you
[34:05] want to help Wall
[34:06] Street,
[34:07] ordinary citizens suffer.
[34:08] So again, I'll go back
[34:09] to what I
[34:11] said. I think that
[34:12] over the next 5
[34:13] years, the most important
[34:14] driving force will be
[34:15] artificial intelligence. So
[34:17] let's assume
[34:18] everyone starts with the
[34:19] same number. And
[34:21] let's just accept as a
[34:22] fact that the total
[34:23] net worth
[34:24] of households on
[34:25] planet Earth
[34:26] is about
[34:27] $700 trillion, and the
[34:28] total value of
[34:30] crypto assets is
[34:30] about $3 trillion.
[34:33] We've all heard it, and that's how
[34:34] I evaluate
[34:35] cryptocurrency. I
[34:37] believe that over time the
[34:38] total cost will
[34:39] either remain the
[34:40] same overall.
[34:42] Let's say 703 trillion.
[34:45] 700 trillion in
[34:46] non-crypto assets, 3
[34:47] trillion in
[34:47] cryptocurrency.
[34:48] Let's say 5
[34:50] years later it's still 703
[34:51] trillion. I believe that there
[34:54] will be a
[34:55] redistribution of funds.
[34:57] Some of them will go into
[34:58] cryptocurrency in this
[34:59] context. And the main
[35:01] point is that I
[35:03] believe: small businesses
[35:04] will benefit from AI. So
[35:06] let's assume that
[35:07] the winners in the
[35:08] stock market,
[35:09] the companies that
[35:09] make profits,
[35:11] are all AI-oriented
[35:12] businesses. Well, AI-
[35:15] focused businesses
[35:17] are getting bigger, but
[35:18] a lot of them are like
[35:20] my business, like Cursor, like
[35:21] Anthropic, like OpenAI, which is to say, they are
[35:22] AI-focused
[35:23] companies with very few
[35:25] employees. They
[35:28] own a large
[35:29] portion of their
[35:30] business—perhaps not
[35:31] in the case of OpenAI and
[35:32] Anthropic, but most
[35:33] private companies
[35:34] have founders
[35:35] who own a
[35:36] significant portion of the
[35:37] business. And let's assume
[35:38] that it reaches only
[35:39] $100 million in
[35:40] capitalization.
[35:41] Previously, such a
[35:42] business needed to
[35:43] grow to 5
[35:44] billion, but I don't
[35:45] think that will be the case in the
[35:46] future. And the founders
[35:47] will own 75
[35:48] percent. So in
[35:50] a decade,
[35:50] cryptocurrency could
[35:51] reach, say, a hundred
[35:52] trillion dollars.
[35:54] The rest of the world's assets would
[35:55] still be $603
[35:57] trillion, and the
[35:58] total would be about the
[36:00] same. There will be a
[36:02] transition, and within
[36:03] that 600 trillion, I
[36:05] think the public
[36:06] stock markets
[36:07] will essentially remain
[36:08] unchanged, and private
[36:09] companies will grow in
[36:10] their valuation. And you
[36:13] will be able to
[36:14] access them through
[36:15] tokenized ETFs that
[36:16] will give you
[36:17] any asset in the world, and this is what the
[36:20] future will look like. As someone
[36:22] who managed ETFs at Morgan
[36:23] Stanley in the late 90s or
[36:25] early 2000s, I can
[36:27] say: in 2000,
[36:29] no one believed in ETFs. Now
[36:31] it is a universally recognized
[36:32] thing that dominates the
[36:33] market. Tokenization
[36:35] is a huge change in the
[36:36] structure of the market. AI
[36:37] agents are a huge
[36:38] change, and it's all coming soon
[36:40] . This is
[36:40] certainty. It's
[36:42] not even a question of "whether
[36:43] ". It's not even a
[36:44] question of "when" anymore. It's
[36:45] happening, and it's
[36:46] happening right
[36:47] now.
[36:47] Based on all
[36:48] your experience
[36:49] watching
[36:50] different
[36:51] technology trends
[36:52] or asset types
[36:53] go from
[36:54] unpopular or
[36:55] contrarian to
[36:55] mainstream and
[36:57] popular.
[36:58] Let's say you're 25
[36:59] years old and just
[37:00] starting your career. What
[37:03] would you do to
[37:04] benefit from
[37:05] this trend? Whether
[37:07] you were starting a
[37:08] business or looking for a
[37:10] job, how would you
[37:11] position yourself, given
[37:12] past
[37:13] experience, to
[37:14] use the
[37:15] tokenization trend as a
[37:16] tailwind?
[37:19] Well, ETFs, changes in
[37:20] products or
[37:21] structures, in my
[37:22] opinion, did not affect the
[37:23] overall situation. It
[37:25] hurt business, it
[37:26] hurt mutual
[37:27] funds
[37:28] . This obviously changed the
[37:29] structure of
[37:30] share ownership, meaning BlackRock
[37:32] was the big
[37:32] winner, but it
[37:33] cannot be said that
[37:34] their performance
[37:35] skyrocketed.
[37:38] I think the way to
[37:39] make money since
[37:40] ETFs came out
[37:41] has been through innovation
[37:42] and seeing which
[37:43] companies become
[37:44] dominant. You are
[37:46] actually
[37:47] betting on where the
[37:48] “moats” (
[37:49] competitive advantages
[37:50] ) will be. Warren Buffett
[37:51] made money
[37:52] investing in such "
[37:53] moats." The "Magic Seven
[37:56] " has the following
[37:56] competitive advantages
[37:58] . Now their
[37:59] stock prices have not changed in the
[38:00] last year for
[38:01] hyperscalers. We
[38:03] are seeing a
[38:03] compression of
[38:04] multipliers.
[38:05] But right now I'm trying to
[38:06] invest in
[38:07] deficit because I
[38:08] believe we're
[38:09] at that
[38:10] phase of innovation where
[38:11] we can't actually
[38:12] produce the
[38:13] energy we need.
[38:15] So we're converting
[38:17] , as David
[38:18] Friedberg said on the podcast
[38:19] last weekend,
[38:20] we're converting
[38:21] molecules into bits, and I
[38:22] want to be involved in the
[38:23] molecular side
[38:25] right now. And that's why I
[38:26] focus my attention on the
[38:28] deficit. So the shortage is
[38:29] not just about
[38:30] Bitcoin. The deficit is
[38:32] Micron. The deficit is GE
[38:35] Vernova. The deficit is all
[38:37] that is needed to
[38:38] create
[38:38] computing
[38:39] power that
[38:40] will still
[38:41] drive
[38:42] revenue growth. Their
[38:43] multipliers
[38:44] can be compressed, and that's something
[38:45] people need to
[38:46] understand. Even if
[38:51] you're making money,
[38:52] I believe in compressing
[38:53] multipliers
[38:54] because even for
[38:56] companies
[38:56] based on
[38:57] scarcity, in 3 years
[38:58] , when humanoids
[38:59] become a reality,
[39:00] they will make
[39:01] every
[39:02] physical business cheaper—from
[39:03] building structures
[39:04] to manufacturing
[39:05] semiconductors,
[39:06] including all
[39:07] intelligence at that
[39:08] level. I believe that
[39:13] all businesses and ideas are
[39:14] subject to change, which
[39:16] means you should
[39:17] choose the one that
[39:18] will suffer the least.
[39:19] And this is exactly what I want to
[39:20] convey to people.
[39:22] If you don't believe in
[39:23] Bitcoin, you should
[39:24] go back and
[39:26] listen to
[39:27] Michael Saylor's
[39:28] 2021 interview about the reasons for
[39:30] this. Why did he
[39:31] do it? He did this
[39:33] because of two forces that were
[39:34] harming him.
[39:36] The first was
[39:37] competitive
[39:38] innovation. His
[39:40] business
[39:41] had a billion dollars on its balance sheet,
[39:42] but it couldn't
[39:43] compete with
[39:44] Microsoft's scale, and the
[39:45] competition was
[39:46] unequal. And this
[39:47] happened
[39:48] after the emergence of the "Big
[39:49] Seven" tech giants.
[39:50] He talks about it all the time
[39:51] . So,
[39:52] first, he lost
[39:53] because of innovation.
[39:54] Number two. Now he was
[39:56] losing because of the
[39:58] government's currency devaluation. They
[39:59] lowered the rates to
[40:00] zero. So, he had a
[40:01] successful business with a
[40:02] billion dollars on the
[40:03] balance sheet, but
[40:04] making money was
[40:05] extremely difficult. Therefore, he
[40:08] made the decision
[40:09] to invest in something that
[40:10] could be protected
[40:12] from depreciation. I
[40:13] think Bitcoin's role
[40:14] here lies in the very
[40:15] phrase
[40:16] it keeps
[40:17] repeating. You don't
[40:18] find Bitcoin,
[40:19] Bitcoin finds
[40:20] you. You don't find
[40:22] Bitcoin until you
[40:23] personally or your
[40:24] business find yourself in
[40:25] such a deep crisis
[40:27] that you're looking for somewhere to
[40:28] invest your money while
[40:29] you consider an
[40:30] exit plan. In his
[40:32] case, Bitcoin rose
[40:33] in value and allowed
[40:34] him to do what
[40:35] he did with MicroStrategy,
[40:36] but that's why
[40:37] most people
[40:38] consider it a scam.
[40:41] In my opinion, in 5
[40:42] years, almost every
[40:43] business will be in a
[40:45] MicroStrategy situation, where they
[40:46] will have to
[40:47] compete with
[40:48] currency depreciation
[40:49] and
[40:49] competitive pressure, but these
[40:51] will be AI-
[40:51] driven businesses,
[40:52] which will number in the hundreds of
[40:54] millions, if not
[40:55] billions, because
[40:56] one person with an AI
[40:57] agent can
[40:58] create 100 companies.
[41:04] The problem is that
[41:05] the scale of competition
[41:06] is becoming overwhelming, and the
[41:07] question arises: where should
[41:08] people store
[41:09] value so that my
[41:10] money
[41:11] is worth more in 3 years than it is
[41:13] today? It gets harder and
[41:15] harder every
[41:17] year.
[41:18] Besides Bitcoin, what else
[41:19] falls into
[41:21] this category for you?
[41:23] I...again, I don't
[41:24] know what might
[41:25] cost more
[41:26] in 3 years. In my
[41:28] opinion, in terms of a
[41:29] store of value,
[41:31] I would probably choose
[41:32] gold, because,
[41:33] despite the fact that Bitcoin
[41:34] is also a
[41:35] store of value.
[41:37] I think the hardest thing
[41:38] for people will be
[41:40] when the deflationary
[41:41] pressure of AI reaches the level that
[41:42] we all believe
[41:44] —I know you and I
[41:45] believe that will
[41:45] happen. At some
[41:48] point, deflationary
[41:49] pressures will destroy all
[41:50] businesses and assets, because
[41:51] there is no point in
[41:52] assets being worth
[41:54] that much if everything
[41:55] is moving towards
[41:55] free.
[41:58] And this is the problem that
[41:59] arises. I think
[42:01] Bitcoin right now,
[42:03] given its size
[42:04] relative to that 700
[42:05] trillion, is more of
[42:06] an insurance against
[42:07] what I'm talking about, rather than
[42:08] something that people
[42:10] necessarily have to
[42:11] believe. At some
[42:13] point,
[42:13] diversification,
[42:14] even at 5%,
[42:15] means you're saying,
[42:16] "I want to have
[42:17] diversification into
[42:18] real estate, into
[42:19] private equity, into
[42:20] private credit, into
[42:21] public stocks."
[42:22] Among all these different
[42:23] things, I believe
[42:24] cryptocurrency should
[42:25] occupy 5%, and after 3
[42:26] years I'm not sure
[42:27] if Ethereum is safe in that
[42:28] . I'm not sure
[42:30] if Solana is safe in this
[42:31] . I'm not sure
[42:32] about Sui. I'm not
[42:33] sure about BitTensor.
[42:34] I don't know, because
[42:35] AI ideas will come
[42:36] faster and faster.
[42:37] So I want to have something
[42:39] that is not built on
[42:40] ideas. And on
[42:41] people's belief that
[42:42] it is a means of
[42:43] preserving value.
[42:44] This applies to gold
[42:45] and this applies to
[42:46] Bitcoin.
[42:48] You talked
[42:49] about Ethereum before, and it seems to be
[42:50] outperforming
[42:51] Bitcoin. What's
[42:53] going on there?
[42:57] Again, this is
[42:58] a big part of
[42:59] why I add
[43:02] crypto-related videos to YouTube at least twice a month. And
[43:06] the reason is that I
[43:07] believe in the growth of
[43:08] the ecosystem, despite all
[43:10] the fears and
[43:10] concerns about the
[43:11] Clarity Act. Despite
[43:14] everything that happens, the
[43:16] ecosystem of my
[43:17] 40-name index
[43:18] is based on the energy
[43:19] that reigns within
[43:21] it. And this brings us back
[43:23] to AI agents. This
[43:24] brings us back to
[43:25] the volumes and number of
[43:26] transactions. I
[43:27] like to look for
[43:28] all sorts of signals
[43:29] that, you know,
[43:30] create a mosaic of what's
[43:32] going on.
[43:33] Part of this is
[43:34] Ethereum's advantage over
[43:35] Bitcoin. This
[43:36] indicates that
[43:37] the ecosystem, network
[43:38] effects, are starting to
[43:38] work. Part of
[43:40] this is the performance of
[43:41] my 40-name basket,
[43:42] which is currently
[43:42] outperforming Bitcoin.
[43:44] So, it's not just
[43:45] Ethereum, it's eight
[43:45] verticals or
[43:46] sectors within the
[43:48] crypto with equal weight
[43:49] that outperform
[43:50] Bitcoin. Stripe is actively
[43:52] trying
[43:52] to acquire companies
[43:54] related to
[43:54] transactions and
[43:55] high volumes.
[43:58] So for me, this is a
[43:59] signal that despite all the
[44:01] pessimism, AI is finally
[44:02] starting to move
[44:03] to the agent level.
[44:06] This should match the Meta.
[44:09] This should match Siri.
[44:11] This should match Alexa
[44:13] . That is, once
[44:13] consumer agents
[44:14] become a reality,
[44:16] explosive growth in
[44:17] volumes and transactions
[44:18] should skyrocket.
[44:20] And this is where
[44:21] financial
[44:21] safeguards are important. So, for
[44:24] me, Ethereum is an asset that
[44:26] most people in
[44:27] traditional finance
[44:28] who have a lot of
[44:30] money already know about. And that's why it's
[44:33] the safest among
[44:34] Solana, Sui, or anything
[44:36] else when it comes
[44:37] to the big money that
[44:38] will move assets—which is
[44:41] $700 trillion. So, they
[44:43] chose Bitcoin. This is a means of
[44:44] preserving value.
[44:45] But on the
[44:46] energy side
[44:46] , I think
[44:47] stablecoins
[44:47] will be used all over the
[44:48] world. And I
[44:49] believe their
[44:49] spread will grow
[44:50] . I think consumer
[44:51] agents are already on the way
[44:52] . I believe Ethereum
[44:53] will benefit the most from this
[44:54] .
[44:56] When you mentioned BitTensor, it
[44:58] seems like this is the
[44:59] project where
[45:00] AI and
[45:01] crypto intersect the most. Did you take
[45:03] the time to do this?
[45:04] Not enough. One of the
[45:06] things I do to
[45:07] be prepared, and the
[45:08] reason I
[45:09] keep talking about
[45:10] September or early
[45:11] October, is that
[45:12] I have to be able to
[45:13] answer
[45:14] questions like that. I'll
[45:17] never be
[45:18] someone who
[45:19] dives deep into all the
[45:20] minutiae, but I
[45:21] need to understand how
[45:22] all these AI-agent
[45:23] pieces of crypto
[45:24] fit together. How do they
[45:27] fit into what is about to
[45:28] happen. I
[45:30] spent a certain
[45:31] amount of time, but
[45:32] not enough to
[45:33] start conversations about it
[45:34] , because I
[45:35] spend a lot of time
[45:36] studying
[45:38] topics in depth. I mean, we're not
[45:40] likely to discuss
[45:41] this this week, and I don't
[45:42] know if you saw it,
[45:44] but Ezra Klein
[45:45] interviewed Kevin
[45:46] Rudd, the former
[45:47] prime minister of
[45:48] Australia. Kevin Rudd is now
[45:52] world-renowned for
[45:53] his knowledge of
[45:54] Xi Jinping. And
[45:57] because China and
[45:58] their
[45:59] open source agenda are so
[46:01] important to
[46:01] investors, I
[46:03] know China well. I
[46:04] traveled there for a
[46:05] month a year. So, for
[46:06] one
[46:08] month every year from 2007 to 2012,
[46:10] I was in China. And I was able to
[46:12] understand this
[46:12] culture. I was able to
[46:13] understand everything from the
[46:15] perspective of ordinary
[46:16] citizens. And you
[46:16] really start
[46:17] to realize that
[46:18] most of what you
[46:19] hear in the Western media
[46:20] is not true, and you
[46:21] want to understand
[46:22] more. Well, Kevin
[46:23] Rudd
[46:25] really
[46:25] went into detail
[46:26] about their plan for
[46:27] AI and how they
[46:28] look at things in this interview with Ezra Klein.
[46:29] Much of this
[46:30] concerns the K-
[46:31] shaped economy of the
[46:32] Western world. In
[46:33] many ways, this
[46:34] affects their views
[46:35] on Lenin and Marx. And
[46:37] we see that they
[46:38] believe that
[46:39] socialism
[46:40] will grow here precisely
[46:41] because of the K-shaped
[46:42] economy. So he
[46:43] talked a lot about that
[46:44] and how it
[46:45] fits into the
[46:45] bigger picture. And
[46:46] the reason I
[46:47] mention this in response
[46:48] to your question about
[46:49] BitTensor is because
[46:50] I have to research the
[46:50] topic before
[46:51] talking about it. I am
[46:52] very good at connecting
[46:53] different facts together
[46:54] . Hmm, things I knew in the
[46:56] past suddenly
[46:56] come to mind.
[46:58] And in the case of this
[46:59] China story,
[47:00] listening to
[47:01] Ezra Klein's interview with Kevin
[47:02] Rudd, I got a better
[47:03] understanding of the plan that
[47:04] China has and what it
[47:05] means for what
[47:06] David Friedberg
[47:07] was talking about on the
[47:08] All-In podcast about "molecules into
[47:09] bits" and how China
[47:10] essentially already owns the
[47:11] manufacturing. They
[47:12] own it. Well,
[47:14] it's all part of
[47:15] their
[47:15] long-term
[47:16] plan. But to hear it
[47:17] presented as
[47:18] something that's best for
[47:19] their economy and
[47:20] for their
[47:21] own situation, which
[47:22] sounds like, "How do we
[47:23] make sure
[47:24] we don't have a
[47:25] big problem here?"
[47:26] even though
[47:27] college graduates are having a
[47:28] hard time finding jobs,
[47:30] entrepreneurs are having a hard time
[47:31] making money, and the
[47:32] housing market isn't
[47:33] growing. Hearing
[47:34] him talk about this in
[47:35] the context of AI was
[47:36] very important. So once
[47:37] I do the
[47:38] same for BitTensor and
[47:39] listen to 10 “Kevin
[47:40] Rudds” give
[47:42] me their thoughts on
[47:43] this business and its
[47:44] place, I’ll be better
[47:45] prepared to respond.
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[48:48] automated
[48:49] trading can
[48:49] do for you.
[48:50] archpublic.com
[48:52] Um, this is actually a
[48:53] question of
[48:54] combining facts.
[48:55] One thing I've been thinking about, and I
[48:57] guess I'll ask
[48:58] you and
[48:59] the audience this question, and
[49:00] next week we
[49:01] can come back
[49:02] and discuss our
[49:04] findings. But I
[49:06] was watching, I don't know if
[49:08] you've seen these videos
[49:09] about migrants in
[49:10] Spain. There are, in fact,
[49:12] thousands, tens of thousands of
[49:14] people arriving
[49:15] on shore. I'm no expert
[49:18] on Spain or its
[49:19] politics, but it's a
[49:20] pretty stunning
[49:21] sight to see
[49:23] . And it made
[49:27] me think about
[49:29] how immigration to the
[49:30] United States
[49:31] used to happen
[49:32] on ships, when
[49:33] people arrived and
[49:34] could only bring with
[49:35] them what they
[49:36] could carry. These,
[49:38] you know, were
[49:39] assets that you
[49:40] could take with
[49:42] you. There were stories
[49:44] about people getting
[49:46] on trains and having
[49:47] their
[49:49] gold confiscated at the stations, and all sorts of
[49:50] things like that, right?
[49:54] But now that money
[49:56] is going digital, a
[49:57] whole different
[49:58] question arises: what can you
[49:59] take with you? But
[50:01] also the other way around: what
[50:02] can you send
[50:03] back? We know that
[50:05] remittances are
[50:06] huge, as funds
[50:07] leave the
[50:07] United States
[50:09] or other countries and
[50:10] return to
[50:11] where
[50:12] immigrants came from. So I do
[50:13] n't yet have a
[50:14] strong opinion on
[50:15] how important
[50:17] some migration
[50:18] patterns are and everything
[50:19] we see, and which
[50:20] many, like me
[50:21] , look at through a
[50:23] political prism. But
[50:26] in fact,
[50:27] surprisingly, the digitalization of
[50:28] financial channels
[50:29] and the opening of markets are
[50:30] facilitating participation that
[50:32] was not there before.
[50:34] You know, before you would have to
[50:36] have
[50:37] physical dollars or
[50:38] currency, gold—things
[50:39] that just don't
[50:40] exist anymore. It seems like this is
[50:43] part of the history of
[50:44] the crypto industry,
[50:46] part of the history of
[50:47] digital paths, etc.
[50:50] It's not just
[50:51] tokenization and the
[50:52] question of who will win
[50:54] : NYSE or Nasdaq, right? It's
[50:55] much more
[50:56] like real
[50:57] people on the ground
[50:58] using these
[50:59] tools in ways that
[51:00] people in America
[51:01] may not yet fully
[51:02] understand.
[51:05] Yes, you missed
[51:06] one thing, and again
[51:07] , I only say this
[51:09] because I spend so
[51:10] much time on this
[51:11] connection. So everything you
[51:14] said is true. Um
[51:16] , thanks to digital
[51:17] currency, thanks to
[51:18] the ability to easily
[51:19] transfer funds,
[51:20] to cross
[51:21] borders, they
[51:22] will, by definition,
[51:24] disappear. Um,
[51:25] the capitalist,
[51:26] financial framework
[51:27] is changing. But
[51:29] the part that is
[51:30] different is if
[51:31] you figure out why
[51:32] people leave the
[51:33] country and go somewhere else
[51:34] . Let's
[51:35] put aside depreciation
[51:36] , because now you have
[51:37] the opportunity to hide
[51:38] your money in something
[51:39] that doesn't depreciate.
[51:40] So if you want to
[51:41] stay in
[51:42] Argentina and the currency
[51:43] devalues by 50% per year,
[51:44] you just transfer
[51:45] the money into stablecoins,
[51:46] dollar stablecoins
[51:47] , and you're fine.
[51:48] I couldn't
[51:49] do that while I was in
[51:50] Brazil. You
[51:50] had to go to the
[51:51] black market to
[51:52] do it. So we have already
[51:53] solved this issue to some extent.
[51:54] Another thing: if you
[51:56] wanted to hire
[51:57] educated people and
[51:58] run a business, get an
[51:59] education—that was the
[52:00] reason people
[52:01] came to
[52:02] America. You wanted to
[52:03] get an education here, and
[52:05] then you stayed here.
[52:06] You have a large
[52:07] workforce that is educated.
[52:08] If you were from
[52:09] Brazil, there simply
[52:10] weren't enough
[52:11] educated people there to
[52:12] build a business in the
[52:13] same way. And here's
[52:14] what's changed with the advent of
[52:15] AI combined with
[52:16] crypto: you
[52:17] can now build a
[52:18] business without a single
[52:19] employee. You have
[52:21] the cloud, you have the platforms,
[52:22] so you can
[52:23] sell your
[52:24] product globally,
[52:25] anywhere, and
[52:26] get paid in
[52:27] stablecoins. You
[52:28] pay the local
[52:29] tax, Stripe does
[52:30] all this work for you.
[52:32] Everything has become easier
[52:33] so you can live
[52:34] anywhere and run a
[52:35] business. You don't
[52:36] have to
[52:37] go to
[52:38] school in a certain place to develop
[52:39] . You can
[52:39] use AI
[52:41] to learn anything you
[52:42] want. You can
[52:43] hire AI agents
[52:45] so that we don't have to
[52:46] look for smart,
[52:47] intelligent... Here's what
[52:48] we're getting at: for
[52:49] me, boundaries are
[52:49] breaking down, and the person
[52:50] I
[52:51] mentioned to you, my good
[52:52] friend Marko Papic,
[52:53] he wrote an article
[52:54] about the metaverse back in
[52:55] 2021. It
[52:56] coincided with the peak of
[52:57] the crypt and the peak of
[52:58] the metaverse, but
[52:59] much of what he
[53:01] wrote there as a
[53:02] geomacro-expert
[53:03] was 100% true, because
[53:04] then you start
[53:05] to wonder: if
[53:06] the metaverse exists, do
[53:08] n't all
[53:09] borders disappear over time? And
[53:11] so I really think
[53:12] you're missing out on some of
[53:13] that. You will never
[53:14] lose the nationalism of
[53:15] people who love
[53:16] their country and the place
[53:17] where they were born,
[53:18] but it changes the
[53:19] fact that over time, I
[53:20] think, fewer
[53:20] people
[53:21] will need to
[53:22] leave anything behind. They can
[53:23] do anything they
[53:24] want
[53:25] financially or
[53:25] transactionally
[53:27] from anywhere, and
[53:28] traveling will be
[53:29] easier because you
[53:30] can still virtually
[53:31] go anywhere.
[53:33] So, this whole thing with
[53:33] borders and
[53:34] countries is going to become more
[53:35] fragmented, and
[53:36] people's views on it
[53:38] are going to change over time.
[53:39] And the metaverse thing is
[53:40] always so
[53:41] funny to me. Um, I've never
[53:43] been a big
[53:43] fan of what
[53:45] I call, let's say, the
[53:46] video game
[53:47] metaverse. Like
[53:48] we're all going to
[53:50] have avatars and,
[53:50] you know, all that other stuff.
[53:52] Me, I just never thought that would be the future for some
[53:53] reason
[53:55] . But what
[53:56] I was talking about earlier is that you
[53:57] and I are
[53:58] currently stuck in a
[53:59] metaverse. Isn't that right
[54:01] ? We communicate in
[54:03] such a way that
[54:04] we can travel
[54:05] to a meeting via the
[54:06] Internet, and we don't
[54:07] have to be
[54:08] together. We can
[54:10] do it in real
[54:12] time and then we
[54:12] can go live and
[54:15] people all over the world can watch us,
[54:16] or we can record it
[54:17] and post it to,
[54:18] you know, watch
[54:19] later. So I think the
[54:20] concept, maybe
[54:21] to your point about
[54:23] the metaverse or this
[54:24] kind of digital
[54:25] world, has definitely
[54:26] been realized. I would
[54:27] n't even argue that
[54:28] it would
[54:29] happen. It has already
[54:30] happened. It's, you know,
[54:31] Zoom, Twitter and all those things.
[54:34] At the same time, I don't know
[54:35] how much of it is about,
[54:36] you know, cartoon
[54:38] avatars and all that
[54:39] . I think maybe
[54:40] people have become a little
[54:41] more skeptical about
[54:42] this, and probably
[54:43] rightly so.
[54:45] Anyone who has a child the
[54:46] same age as my
[54:48] son, which is 21,
[54:51] has gone through two
[54:52] phenomena. One is the
[54:53] crypto side
[54:55] during COVID, when it
[54:56] just
[54:57] skyrocketed. But before
[54:59] that—Fortnite. And Fortnite was a
[55:01] real
[55:02] meta-universal
[55:03] thing. You play a
[55:04] video game and it
[55:05] grew rapidly from scratch
[55:06] , I mean it
[55:07] was the fastest
[55:08] growing
[55:09] video game in history. And
[55:12] we've all had that
[55:13] experience where we heard
[55:14] our son or daughter
[55:15] playing that game in
[55:16] the room, screaming,
[55:17] talking to
[55:18] friends online, and
[55:19] playing at the same time on
[55:20] headphones. Like, it's
[55:23] already happened. It used to be
[55:24] , you know, I was
[55:26] running around playing
[55:27] fort outside.
[55:28] My mom used to say, "
[55:29] Get out of the house, run
[55:30] in the backyard."
[55:31] This happened
[55:32] virtually. Regarding
[55:34] crypto, my son
[55:35] actively traded at the
[55:36] age of 13, made a lot of
[55:37] money and
[55:38] lost a lot. The same thing
[55:40] Leopold did at 25.
[55:42] He's barely older than
[55:43] my son. My son has already
[55:44] been through what
[55:45] Leopold did:
[55:46] risks,
[55:48] leverage, crypto, and
[55:49] the ups and downs. But there
[55:50] was something else that I
[55:52] already mentioned.
[55:54] The Philippines has gone
[55:55] through economic
[55:56] changes thanks to Axie Infinity
[55:57] . If any of you have
[55:59] never read about
[56:00] Axie Infinity, find
[56:01] the documentary on YouTube.
[56:03] I know there are plenty of them. There is
[56:04] one for 30 minutes. This
[56:07] affected the entire
[56:08] Philippine economy.
[56:10] So, this is another form of
[56:12] metaverse. It's a
[56:13] combination of games and
[56:15] economics. It was
[56:16] like a game of chance.
[56:17] It was about a video game.
[56:19] Like Fortnite, but with pay-per-
[56:20] play, and it affected the
[56:22] economy. My son
[56:24] played this one day
[56:25] and said he would never
[56:26] win because they were too
[56:28] cool. This is the world
[56:30] I am sure we are
[56:31] heading towards. The only
[56:33] reason it has
[56:34] n't happened yet is that crypto
[56:35] and the ideas are still
[56:36] relevant.
[56:38] The entrepreneurs who
[56:39] invented it are still here.
[56:42] It will happen. When I
[56:46] hear about Candy Digital and
[56:47] understand, as a
[56:48] sports fan, that memories
[56:49] of a game, being
[56:51] at a match, that dunk
[56:52] have value. You
[56:56] already have the OG painting that I
[56:59] saw in your office.
[57:02] That moment in time, I will
[57:03] never forget. I will
[57:05] never forget where I
[57:06] was, standing under the
[57:07] basket, and who was with
[57:09] me. I will never
[57:10] forget this, even
[57:11] if I never see them again
[57:12] . So people
[57:13] need to realize that the
[57:14] world you're
[57:15] describing, this
[57:16] virtual world,
[57:17] virtual money—
[57:19] all of this is happening.
[57:22] And the world's money, this 700
[57:23] trillion, belongs
[57:25] mostly to baby
[57:26] boomers and people
[57:27] over 60. When
[57:31] the demographics change
[57:32] , young people like my son or
[57:33] Leopold will believe in
[57:34] this, I don't even know how to
[57:36] say it,
[57:36] desperate approach.
[57:38] Entertainment comes
[57:39] through living
[57:40] life, the ups and
[57:41] downs, virtual
[57:42] travel, and so on.
[57:44] It's a different world, and I
[57:45] think it
[57:45] will remain that way for a
[57:47] long time.
[57:47] I like it. I
[57:49] mean, why not live like that
[57:50] instead of being
[57:52] bored,
[57:52] you know?
[57:53] That's why I'm in Maine
[57:55] , buddy.
[57:57] OK. What
[57:58] will you talk about in
[57:59] your video this
[58:00] week for those who
[58:01] go to YouTube and just
[58:02] type "Jordi Visser" into the search box
[58:03] ? Be sure to
[58:04] watch the video
[58:05] he uploads on Sunday
[58:06] morning. But what
[58:07] exactly will you
[58:07] be talking about
[58:08] this week?
[58:08] So, I'll sort out the
[58:10] Leopold situation. I'll
[58:16] go into detail about the
[58:17] changing factors, the
[58:18] changing
[58:19] market structure, and, you know,
[58:20] given my
[58:21] subscribers and the people
[58:22] who are constantly collaborating with me
[58:24] , I
[58:25] had to make
[58:26] four additional
[58:27] videos this month in
[58:28] addition to the four
[58:29] that I'm already preparing for
[58:30] subscribers, because in
[58:31] such months it gets very
[58:33] nervous and you're more
[58:34] likely to make
[58:35] emotional decisions. I
[58:41] will explain why I believe the
[58:42] bottom has
[58:42] already
[58:43] been reached for AI trading and why
[58:44] people should pay
[58:45] attention to it. I'll show you
[58:47] how I created a report
[58:48] called "
[58:48] Debris Analysis" to
[58:49] go through all the
[58:50] details and figure out
[58:51] which assets are currently
[58:52] technically not
[58:54] failing. They
[58:55] rebooted, and
[58:56] as my father used to say,
[58:57] if in May the odds
[58:58] of AI trading success
[58:59] were one to two and you
[59:00] barely made a
[59:01] profit for the
[59:02] next six
[59:03] months, now you'll
[59:04] be amazed that
[59:05] after the correction
[59:06] that's still
[59:07] happening
[59:07] within the "bull"
[59:08] market—we're still above the
[59:09] moving averages—
[59:10] the odds of much of anything are
[59:11] now back to
[59:13] three to one. So,
[59:14] last week or
[59:15] two weeks ago I
[59:16] mentioned that I bought
[59:17] Micron. Well, I
[59:18] had the opportunity
[59:19] to buy a little cheaper,
[59:20] and as I said, these
[59:21] were only small
[59:22] purchases. Now I
[59:23] feel more confident
[59:24] buying on dips
[59:25] rather than just buying on
[59:26] rises. I don't think
[59:28] we'll soar
[59:29] to the top quickly. I think
[59:31] we're in for more
[59:32] liquidations, especially
[59:33] in the first week of
[59:34] August, but I really
[59:36] think the
[59:37] Leopold situation has caused
[59:38] a lot of
[59:39] selling pressure. So I'll break it down
[59:41] , share my
[59:42] experiences, and we'll
[59:43] discuss everything this
[59:44] weekend.
[59:45] Perfectly. Okay,
[59:46] Geordie. Thank you very much.
[59:47] Let's talk
[59:48] next week.
[59:48] Thank you, friend. All the
[59:50] best.